What does the fundamental attribution error refer to?

The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency for individuals to overemphasize personal characteristics and underestimate situational factors when evaluating someone else's behavior. When someone judges the actions of others, they often attribute those actions to character flaws or inherent traits rather than considering external circumstances that may have influenced those behaviors. This phenomenon illustrates how biases in perception can affect our understanding of social interactions.

For instance, if a colleague misses a deadline, one might think they are lazy or careless without considering factors like personal issues or workload. Recognizing this error is essential for fostering empathy and a more accurate understanding of people's actions in various contexts. The fundamental attribution error highlights the importance of looking beyond a person's character and considering the broader situational influences at play.